Le confabulazioni dell’Impostore: tra narrazioni e credenze

  • Eliana Gagliardi
Parole chiave: Sindrome dell'Impostore, Psicopatologia, Narrazioni

Abstract

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La “Sindrome dell’Impostore” è una condizione psicopatologica in cui la persona avverte di vivere indebitamente i panni di un altro sé in contesti e ruoli di prestigio (Clance & Imes 1978). Il tema alla base di questa narrativa è la credenza di aver ingannato l’ambiente sociale di riferimento, restituendo un’immagine positiva quanto illusoria delle proprie abilità (Sakulku & Alexander 2011).

Nel tentativo di conferire continuità e legittimità al sé, il soggetto mette in atto una ricostruzione retrospettiva di successi e riconoscimenti che, a causa di uno iato tra il sé presente e il sé ricordato (Habermas & Köber 2015), oltrepassa il vincolo della verosimiglianza. L’identità personale del soggetto sembra così aderire maggiormente all’Io esteso ricordato piuttosto che all’Io cognitivo attuale: la memoria autobiografica viene modellata in favore della plausibilità, sacrificandone la precisione. Ne derivano ricostruzioni artificiose degli eventi a scapito di riproduzioni fedeli, dando vita – attraverso la confabulazione – a simulazioni mentali autoreferenziali su ciò che è accaduto e potrebbe accadere (De Brigard 2014).

Lo scopo del presente lavoro è quello di descrivere come le confabulazioni costituiscano un’intelaiatura di senso atta a motivare la dimensione d’inadeguatezza e inefficienza percepita dal soggetto (Parkman 2016), piegandosi al servizio della rappresentazione della sua identità (Cardella 2018). Nella Self-Pattern Theory (Gallagher & Daly 2018) la narrazione permette di mappare la relazione dinamica che intercorre tra i diversi aspetti che costituiscono il sé. L'approccio qui adottato descrive come questa relazione sia evidente nella sindrome nella Sindrome dell’Impostore, in cui la distorsione narrativa dei ricordi conduce all’insorgenza di credenze fallaci, tra cui quella centrale: essere un impostore.

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Pubblicato
2022-09-17
Come citare
Gagliardi , E. (2022) «Le confabulazioni dell’Impostore: tra narrazioni e credenze », Rivista Italiana di Filosofia del Linguaggio. doi: 10.4396/SFL2021A25.